SUNScholar/Prepare Ubuntu/S05

Step 5.1: Install Tomcat

Type the following:

apt-get install tomcat6

Step 5.2: Allow Tomcat to listen on ports "80" and "443"

Step 5.2.1: Setup "authbind" for Tomcat

To enable Tomcat to listen on a privileged port below 100, we need to enable "authbind". Edit the /etc/default/tomcat6 file as follows:

nano /etc/default/tomcat6

Remove the hash sign from in front of the authbind parameter and change authbind to yes as follows

# If you run Tomcat on port numbers that are all higher than 1023, then you
# do not need authbind.  It is used for binding Tomcat to lower port numbers.
# NOTE: authbind works only with IPv4.  Do not enable it when using IPv6.
# (yes/no, default: no)
AUTHBIND=yes

Save the file by pressing CTL+O and then CTL+X on the keyboard.

Now we need to tell "authbind" that Tomcat is allowed to use lower port numbers. Type the following commands:

touch /etc/authbind/byport/80

touch /etc/authbind/byport/443

chmod 0755 /etc/authbind/byport/80

chmod 0755 /etc/authbind/byport/443

chown tomcat6.tomcat6 /etc/authbind/byport/80

chown tomcat6.tomcat6 /etc/authbind/byport/443

Now Tomcat has permission to use ports 80 and 443. See below for an example listing of the files in the /etc/authbind/byport folder.

root@ir1:/etc/authbind/byport# ls -l
total 0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 tomcat6 tomcat6 0 2011-06-10 18:33 443
-rwxr-xr-x 1 tomcat6 tomcat6 0 2011-06-10 18:33 80

Step 5.2.2: Setup Tomcat server listening ports

Now we tell the Tomcat server to listen on the "authbind" ports. Edit the following file.

nano /etc/tomcat6/server.xml

Find the connector for port 8080 and change it to port 80. Also add the UTF-8 encoding. See example below.

    <Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 
               connectionTimeout="20000" 
               URIEncoding="UTF-8"
               redirectPort="8443" />

Find the connector for port 8443 and change it to port 443. Remove the comments around the port "443" connector section. These are the <!-- and --> comment directives.

    <Connector port="443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"
               maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"
               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" 

If enabled, comment out the AJP 1.3 connector. It is not needed.

Save the file by pressing CTL+O and then CTL+X on the keyboard.

Now setup the secure connection to the Tomcat server. Then return here to continue the setup.

Step 5.3: Setup Tomcat admin users

Type as follows:

nano /etc/tomcat6/tomcat-users.xml

Delete all the contents of the file and add the following admin and manager roles with a password.

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>
  <role rolename="manager"/>
  <role rolename="admin"/>
  <user username="dspace" password="dspace" roles="admin,manager"/>
</tomcat-users>

Save the file by pressing CTL+O and then CTL+X on the keyboard.

Step 5.4: Setup Tomcat group permissions

Type the following in a terminal.

adduser tomcat6 dspace

adduser dspace tomcat6

Step 5.5: Restart the Tomcat server

Now restart the tomcat server as follows:

/etc/init.d/tomcat6 restart

Step 5.6: Post Tomcat installation checks

Now let's look if all went well:

netstat -tapn | grep java

Tomcat should be listening on ports 80 and 443:

root@server1:~# netstat -tapn | grep java
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      8063/java       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      8063/java       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      8063/java       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:34113         127.0.0.1:5432          ESTABLISHED 8063/java       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:34112         127.0.0.1:5432          ESTABLISHED 8063/java 
root@server1:~#

Thats it, now you have a working Java webapp server.

SUNScholar server load using the Tomcat "authbind" method.

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