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| − | =Objectives=
| + | foaiuuuqoiwldwwqmncx, <a href="http://www.nxvjkbmabj.com">xcmukhkcnx</a> , [url=http://www.imubkadcwp.com]baxobfjvcx[/url], http://www.dhrjrlgmea.com xcmukhkcnx |
| − | The objective is to convert to digital format any material using [[SUNScholar/DigitisationEquipment|digital equipment]].
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| − | | |
| − | The resultant digital object must adhere to the following:
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| − | # '''<font color="red">Use an uncompressed bitstream for storage.</font>'''
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| − | # '''<font color="red">Use open digital formats with no patent liability and which have open published standards.</font>'''
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| − | | |
| − | For more information, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitizing
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| − | | |
| − | =Multimedia=
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| − | ==Converter software==
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| − | ===For Microsoft===
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| − | * http://www.longtailvideo.com/support/blog/12633/an-overview-of-audio-and-video-transcoding
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| − | * http://www.nchsoftware.com/index.html
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| − | ===For Linux===
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| − | * http://www.gnomefiles.org/app.php/OggConvert
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| − | * http://www.linuxrising.org/transmageddon
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| − | | |
| − | ==Open Codecs==
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| − | * http://www.webmproject.org
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| − | * http://playfreedom.org
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| − | | |
| − | ==Audio==
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_codecs
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| − | | |
| − | ==Video==
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs
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| − | | |
| − | ==Images==
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_graphics_file_formats
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| − | | |
| − | ==Container Formats==
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_container_formats
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| − | | |
| − | =Documents=
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Document_Foundation
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| − | * http://documentfreedom.org
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| − | * http://www.pdfa.org
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF/A
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| − | * http://officeshots.org
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| − | ;Comments
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| − | <pre>
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| − | Dear Hilton,
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| − | | |
| − | I would advise that you adopt open (i.e. non-propriety) standards, as these have the best chance of remaining readable in the long-term future.
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| − | Propriety formats are dependent on the continuing existence of the firm who markets them, as well as the continued support by this firm, even if they continue to exist.
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| − | This is in my opinion very risky.
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| − | | |
| − | For documents I am aware of an ISO standard that is targeted at archival, known as PDF/A (see www.pdfa.org).
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| − | | |
| − | For audio and video the situation is less developed, and there are as far as I know no standards specifically for archival.
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| − | In both cases I would recommend that data be saved without lossy compression, and again that open standards be sought.
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| − | Hence mp3 and WMV should be avoided, both because they are based on lossy compression and are are propriety.
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| − | The audio format FLAC on the other hand is open and does not employ lossy compression.
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| − | | |
| − | I hope this is of help,
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| − | Best regards,
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| − | Thomas Niesler.
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| − | | |
| − | ------------------------------------------------
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| − | Prof. Thomas Niesler
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| − | Digital Signal Processing Group
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| − | Department of Electronic Engineering
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| − | University of Stellenbosch
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| − | Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
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| − | Phone: +27 21 8084118
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| − | Fax: +27 21 8084981
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| − | Email: trn@dsp.sun.ac.za
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| − | </pre> | |
| − | | |
| − | =Microfiche=
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| − | * http://www.fctec.co.za
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| − | =Software=
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| − | * http://www.fsf.org and http://www.opensource.org
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| − | | |
| − | =Data Sets=
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sql
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_relational_database_management_systems
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_database_tools
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| − | | |
| − | =Engineering drawings=
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| − | See: http://www.opendesign.com
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| − | | |
| − | =[[SUNScholar/Metadata|Metadata]]=
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| − | Click on the heading above.
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| − | | |
| − | =Language=
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langauge_codes
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| − | * http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
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| − | | |
| − | =Digitisation Guidelines=
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| − | {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="text-align:center;1px"
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| − | ! Media type !! Resolution !! Bit depth !! Enhancements Allowed
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| − | |-
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| − | | Printed text || 300 dpi || Bitonal || Sharpening, descreening, cropping, deskewing, despeckling
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| − | |-
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| − | | Rare/ damaged printed text || 400 dpi || 8-gray or 24 colour || Contrast stretching; Minimal adjustments for tone and colour
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| − | |-
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| − | | Book illustrations || 400 - 600 dpi with enhancement || 8-gray or 24 colour; Bitonal || Contrast stretching; Minimal adjustments for tone and colour; Descreen/ rescreen, sharpen
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| − | |-
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| − | | Manuscripts || 300 - 500 dpi with enhancement || 8-gray or 24 colour || Contrast stretching; Minimal adjustments for tone and colour
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| − | |-
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| − | | Maps and other oversized items || 300 - 400 dpi || 8-gray or 24 colour || Contrast stretching; Minimal adjustments for tone and colour
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| − | |-
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| − | | Graphic Art || 400 - 600 dpi || 8-bit/ channel internal reduction || Contrast stretching; Minimal adjustments for tone and colour
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| − | |-
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| − | |}
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| − | | |
| − | ;Please note:
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| − | * All archival material to be digitised in tiff format
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| − | * Tiff copy together with derivated png or any additional copies to be submitted to SUNScholar
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| − | * Document provenance metadata:
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| − | ** dc.description.provenance e.g. Original scanned in at 600 dpi, 100% DigiBook 10000 RGB colour, downsized to 840 pixels in width, resolution 250. Web version done automatically by PhotoShop 7 software. Downloading time approx. 26 seconds. Date done March - April 2007.
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| − | | |
| − | =Common Closed Digital Formats=
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| − | See: http://patentabsurdity.com and http://en.swpat.org
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| − | ==Documents==
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| − | All the Microsoft document formats are closed.
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| − | | |
| − | This is a huge problem for [[SUNScholar/Digital_Preservation|digital preservation]].
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| − | * http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/intro/intro.shtml
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Office_Open_XML_and_OpenDocument
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| − | | |
| − | ==Multimedia==
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| − | All the Microsoft media formats are closed.
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| − | | |
| − | This is a huge problem for [[SUNScholar/Digital_Preservation|digital preservation]].
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Video
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| − | ;Other closed media formats
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Open_formats_closed_by_software_patents
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mp3 (Lossy audio codec, many patent trolls)
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding (Lossy audio codec, many patent trolls)
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpeg4 (Lossy video codec, many patent trolls)
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jpeg (Lossy image codec, many patent trolls)
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagged_Image_File_Format (Lossless image codec, many patent trolls)
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| − | * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Video (Closed format multimedia container, many patent trolls)
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| − | | |
| − | =Library Policy re Digitization=
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| − | | |
| − | Unfortunately the library does not have sufficient capacity at this stage to provide digitization services. Digitization conducted by the library is mainly to address internal needs. We can - however - provide advise, some basic training or share best practices when required.
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| − | | |
| − | Please go ahead as follows:
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| − | | |
| − | # Dept. purchases its own scanner equipment and the necessary software, and appoint someone to do the scanning if volume requires such a person.
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| − | # The dept. approach an external institution to assist. Please see below.
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| − | | |
| − | =Service Providers re Digitization=
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| − | ===Centre for Business and Language Services===
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| − | Helena Liebenberg
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| − | | |
| − | Tel.: +27 (21) 949 2736
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| − | | |
| − | E-mail: helena@sentrum.co.za
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| − | | |
| − | * http://www.sentrum.co.za
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| − | | |
| − | ===FirstCoast Technologies===
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| − | Herman Crowther
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| − | | |
| − | Managing Director
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| − | | |
| − | Tel.: +27 (21) 425 1833/ 082 801 6209
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| − | | |
| − | E-mail: herman@fctec.co.za
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| − | | |
| − | * http://www.fctec.co.za
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| − | | |
| − | ===Treventus===
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| − | * http://www.treventus.com
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| − | | |
| − | '''[[SUNScholar/IR|Back to IR Help]]'''
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