SUNScholar/Prepare Ubuntu/S05/Ubuntu-14.04

BACK TO STEP 5

Step 5.1: Install Tomcat
Type the following:

sudo apt-get install tomcat7

Step 5.2.1: Setup "authbind" for Tomcat
To enable Tomcat to listen on a privileged port below 100, we need to enable "authbind". Edit the /etc/default/tomcat7 file as follows: sudo nano /etc/default/tomcat7 Remove the hash sign from in front of the authbind parameter and change authbind to yes as follows AUTHBIND=yes
 * 1) If you run Tomcat on port numbers that are all higher than 1023, then you
 * 2) do not need authbind.  It is used for binding Tomcat to lower port numbers.
 * 3) NOTE: authbind works only with IPv4.  Do not enable it when using IPv6.
 * 4) (yes/no, default: no)

Save and exit the file.

Now we need to tell "authbind" that Tomcat is allowed to use lower port numbers. Type the following commands: sudo touch /etc/authbind/byport/80

sudo touch /etc/authbind/byport/443

sudo chmod 0755 /etc/authbind/byport/80

sudo chmod 0755 /etc/authbind/byport/443

sudo chown tomcat7.tomcat7 /etc/authbind/byport/80

sudo chown tomcat7.tomcat7 /etc/authbind/byport/443

cd /etc/authbind/byport

ls -l Now Tomcat has permission to use ports 80 and 443. See below for an example listing of the files in the /etc/authbind/byport folder. dspace@dspace:/etc/authbind/byport# ls -l total 0 -rwxr-xr-x 1 tomcat7 tomcat7 0 2011-06-10 18:33 443 -rwxr-xr-x 1 tomcat7 tomcat7 0 2011-06-10 18:33 80

Step 5.2.2: Setup Tomcat to listen on insecure port 80
Now we tell the Tomcat server to listen on the "authbind" ports. Edit the following file. sudo nano /etc/tomcat7/server.xml Find the connector for port 8080 and change it to port 80.

See example below. 

'''If enabled, comment out the AJP 1.3 connector. It is not needed.'''

Save and exit the file.

Step 5.2.3: Setup Tomcat to listen on secure port 443
Please go to: http://wiki.lib.sun.ac.za/index.php/SUNScholar/Secure_Internet_Connections later, after installation to do secure port 443 setup.

For now and testing it is ok, just to use port 80 only for Tomcat connections.

Step 5.3: Setup Tomcat admin users
Type as follows:

sudo nano /etc/tomcat7/tomcat-users.xml

Delete all the contents of the file and add the following admin and manager roles with a password. Replace XXXX with your password!      

Save and exit the file.

Step 5.4 Java environment settings for Tomcat webapp server
To setup the environment variables for Tomcat java web applications, type the following: sudo nano /etc/default/tomcat7

After determining how much RAM is installed on your server, it is best practice to use about 50% of the RAM for Java.

Check the following for comparison: JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.awt.headless=true -Xmx2048m -Xms1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m"
 * 1) You may pass JVM startup parameters to Java here. If unset, the default
 * 2) options (-Djava.awt.headless=true -Xmx128m) will be used.
 * 3) JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.awt.headless=true -Xmx128m"

See: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5241743/what-is-the-use-of-java-opts-environment-variable

Save and exit the file.

Java settings used on SUNScholar currently
Your settings will depend on how much RAM you have available to assign to the Tomcat server. See graph below as well. JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.awt.headless=true -Xmx65536m -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC"

Graph of RAM memory usage on SUNScholar.



Step 5.5 Setup Tomcat server permissions
Please see: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2645298/how-to-sanely-configure-security-policy-in-tomcat-6 and https://www.mulesoft.com/tcat/tomcat-security

Type the following;

sudo nano /etc/default/tomcat7 Change "TOMCAT7_SECURITY" to yes. TOMCAT7_SECURITY=yes
 * 1) Use the Java security manager? (yes/no, default: no)

Save and exit the file.

Create DSpace security policy sudo nano /etc/tomcat7/policy.d/05dspace.policy Copy and paste the following; grant codeBase "file:/home/dspace/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; }; grant codeBase "file:/tmp/-" { permission java.security.AllPermission; };

Save and exit the file.

Update file permissions for the policy sudo chown root.tomcat7 /etc/tomcat7/policy.d/05dspace.policy

Step 5.6: Setup user permissions
cd

sudo adduser tomcat7 dspace

sudo adduser dspace tomcat7

Step 5.7: Restart the Tomcat server
Now restart the tomcat server as follows:

sudo service tomcat7 restart

Step 5.8: Post Tomcat installation checks
Now let's look if all went well:

sudo netstat -tapn | grep java

Tomcat should be listening on port 80 now:

dspace@dspace:~# sudo netstat -tapn | grep java tcp6      0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      11093/java tcp6      0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      11093/java

Thats it, now you have a working Java webapp server.

Step 5.9: Troubleshooting
http://wiki.lib.sun.ac.za/index.php/SUNScholar/Optimisations/Tomcat http://wiki.lib.sun.ac.za/index.php/SUNScholar/Install_DSpace/S08
 * Check optimisations done for Tomcat in the link below
 * Please remember only ONE server at time may listen on any TCP/UDP port on your server.
 * A reboot of the server may be needed to get Tomcat working on ports 80 and 443 correctly.
 * Later on during the actual DSpace installation, you will have to select a "root" webapp so that you have a clean URL. See link below.